import Foundation
import os

// MARK: - File identity

/// A file's identity as the filesystem understands it — the opaque token behind
/// `URLResourceKey.fileResourceIdentifierKey` — wrapped so it can key a dictionary.
///
/// **Both registries in this folder key on this, never on a path string** (02-architecture.md
/// § Per-board app state, "Keyed by file identity, never by path"). A board is the *folder*, not
/// the string that currently names it: Finder renames are ordinary (01-storage-format.md), and a
/// board renamed while open — or reopened through a moved path — must land on the store and the
/// record it already has rather than on a second copy of itself.
///
/// The token is documented as opaque and comparable only with `isEqual:`; nothing here reads into
/// it. `hash` is `NSObject`'s, which is the hash that agrees with `isEqual:` — the pair is what
/// makes this usable as a `Hashable` key at all.
///
/// **Not `Sendable`, deliberately**: the token is an Objective-C object with no concurrency
/// contract. Both registries are `@MainActor`, so it never leaves that actor, and claiming
/// otherwise would be an unchecked promise for no gain.
struct FileIdentity: Hashable {
    private let token: NSObject

    /// `nil` when the URL has no identity to read — it does not exist, or its volume cannot answer.
    ///
    /// Failable rather than throwing on purpose: every caller here already has a better error to
    /// produce than "no resource value". `BoardStoreRegistry.acquire` lets `BoardStore`'s own
    /// fail-fast load speak (it produces the *right* `BoardLoadError` for a missing, unreadable, or
    /// non-directory root), and `BoardRegistry` treats an unreadable identity as "no match", which
    /// is exactly what it means there.
    init?(of url: URL) {
        guard
            let values = try? url.resourceValues(forKeys: [.fileResourceIdentifierKey]),
            let identifier = values.fileResourceIdentifier as? NSObject
        else {
            return nil
        }
        token = identifier
    }

    static func == (lhs: FileIdentity, rhs: FileIdentity) -> Bool {
        lhs.token.isEqual(rhs.token)
    }

    func hash(into hasher: inout Hasher) {
        hasher.combine(token.hash)
    }
}

// MARK: - BoardStoreRegistry

/// The live side of "one board, one truth": every window showing a board shares **one**
/// `BoardStore` and **one** `FolderWatcher`, and this is what hands them out
/// (02-architecture.md § Layering ▸ Components).
///
/// ### Why a refcount when the answer is already known
///
/// **The board window owns the board** (settled, § Components): card windows never outlive it, so
/// the last release and the board window's close always coincide — the count could in principle be
/// replaced by "the board window closed". It earns its keep anyway, and only, as *ordering*:
/// closing a board window closes its card windows too, and those closes arrive as a handful of
/// separate SwiftUI teardowns. The count is what stops the first of them from stopping the watcher
/// out from under the ones still on screen.
///
/// ### What it owns, and what it deliberately does not
///
/// It owns the pairing: it creates the store, creates and starts the watcher, and wires them to
/// each other. It owns no policy — every reload rule lives in `BoardStore`, every debounce and
/// bracket rule in `FolderWatcher`. It is not a singleton either: the app holds one instance, so a
/// test can hold its own without the two colliding.
///
/// ### The app's own instance is the only one that matters
///
/// Two registries over the same board would defeat the point (two stores, two watchers, two
/// snapshots drifting apart). That is a wiring rule for the app, not something this type can
/// enforce, and it is stated here rather than defended in code.
@MainActor
public final class BoardStoreRegistry {

    /// One open board: the shared store, the watcher feeding it, and how many windows are holding
    /// them open.
    private struct Entry {
        let store: BoardStore
        let watcher: FolderWatcher
        var referenceCount: Int
    }

    /// Keyed by `FileIdentity`, so a board acquired through a renamed or moved path finds the entry
    /// it already has. A `[URL: Entry]` here would be a latent bug with a plausible shape.
    private var entries: [FileIdentity: Entry] = [:]

    private static let logger = Logger(subsystem: "dev.rzen.indie.Kanban", category: "store-registry")

    /// The app owns one instance and passes it down; there is no shared singleton to reach for.
    public init() {}

    /// How many boards are open — entries, not references. This is the welcome-window and
    /// quit-time question ("is anything still open?"), never the refcount.
    public var openBoardCount: Int { entries.count }

    // MARK: - Acquire / release

    /// The store for `rootURL`, opening the board if this is the first window to ask for it.
    ///
    /// **First acquire**: loads the board (fail-fast — the `BoardLoadError` is rethrown untouched,
    /// because there is nothing to render and nothing to fall back on), then creates and starts the
    /// watcher and ties the two together in both directions — watcher events into
    /// `BoardStore.handleWatcherEvent(_:)`, the store's write brackets out to
    /// `FolderWatcher.beginBracket()`/`endBracket()`.
    ///
    /// **Subsequent acquires** return the *same* store and bump the count. Not a fresh load, not a
    /// second watcher: a card window opening must not cost a tree walk, and two watchers over one
    /// board would double every reload for nothing.
    ///
    /// The identity read happens *before* the load so an already-open board is found under whatever
    /// path it is being asked for now. An identity that cannot be read is not decided here — it
    /// falls through to `BoardStore.init`, whose load produces the honest error for a root that is
    /// missing, unreadable, or not a directory. This type invents no error of its own.
    ///
    /// A failed load leaves **nothing behind**: no entry, no watcher, no count. A board that failed
    /// to open is not open.
    public func acquire(_ rootURL: URL) throws(BoardLoadError) -> BoardStore {
        if let identity = FileIdentity(of: rootURL), var entry = entries[identity] {
            entry.referenceCount += 1
            entries[identity] = entry
            Self.logger.debug("acquire: existing board, \(entry.referenceCount, privacy: .public) references")
            return entry.store
        }

        let store = try BoardStore(rootURL: rootURL)

        // Unreachable in practice — the load above just walked this directory — but the alternative
        // is a force-unwrap on a resource value the filesystem is free to refuse, so it is spelled
        // out. The loader's own vocabulary says it; no new error path is invented for a case that
        // means exactly what `unreadableRoot` already means.
        guard let identity = FileIdentity(of: rootURL) else {
            throw BoardLoadError(path: ".", reason: .unreadableRoot(message: "the board root has no file identity"))
        }

        // Both directions of the wiring capture weakly, and the registry's entry is what keeps the
        // pair alive: the watcher never props up a store nobody is showing, and the store's brackets
        // become no-ops the moment `release` drops the watcher. Neither closure can form a cycle
        // with the object it calls into.
        let watcher = FolderWatcher(root: rootURL) { [weak store] event in
            // `.rootChanged` rides through like any other event. The store stubs it today; the
            // settled response — re-resolve the board's security-scoped bookmark and either
            // `reattach(to:)` at the new location or enter the vanished-root read-only lock
            // (02-architecture.md § Write-failure surfacing) — needs `BoardRegistry`'s bookmark and
            // belongs to the card that brings the two together. This registry is the natural place
            // for that seam, since it is the only object holding the store, the watcher, and (by
            // then) the record at once.
            store?.handleWatcherEvent(event)
        }
        store.watcherBrackets = (
            begin: { [weak watcher] in watcher?.beginBracket() },
            end: { [weak watcher] in watcher?.endBracket() }
        )

        // Default debounce and latency: the numbers are settled in 02-architecture.md § Components
        // (200 ms trailing over 50 ms FSEvents latency) and live in `FolderWatcher`'s defaults.
        // Restating them here would be a second place for them to drift.
        if !watcher.start() {
            // Not a failure to open. A board whose stream would not come up still loads, still
            // renders, and still writes — it simply will not notice foreign edits, which is the
            // same degradation 07-sync-collab.md already accepts on warned-against volumes. The
            // reconciling reloads that wake and activation drive are the recovery path.
            Self.logger.error("watcher stream failed to start; live reload is degraded for this board")
        }

        entries[identity] = Entry(store: store, watcher: watcher, referenceCount: 1)
        return store
    }

    /// Drops one window's reference; at zero the watcher stops and the entry goes.
    ///
    /// Looked up by **object identity of the store**, not by its `rootURL`: a board renamed while
    /// open keeps the `rootURL` it was opened with (see `BoardStore.rootURL`), so a path-based
    /// lookup would miss precisely the case the whole file-identity keying exists for, and leak the
    /// entry — a watcher running over a board with no windows.
    ///
    /// **Releasing a store this registry never handed out is a no-op**, not a trap. Teardown races
    /// are the ordinary shape of window closing (a card window and its board window closing in the
    /// same run loop turn, a double-dismiss, a store built directly in a test), and none of them is
    /// a programming error worth taking the app down for.
    public func release(_ store: BoardStore) {
        guard let identity = entries.first(where: { $0.value.store === store })?.key else {
            Self.logger.debug("release: store is not registered — ignored")
            return
        }

        guard var entry = entries[identity] else { return }
        entry.referenceCount -= 1
        guard entry.referenceCount <= 0 else {
            entries[identity] = entry
            return
        }

        entry.watcher.stop()
        // Explicit rather than left to the weak captures: after this the store may still be alive in
        // whatever is closing, and brackets that quietly did nothing would be a lie about a watcher
        // that is gone.
        entry.store.watcherBrackets = nil
        entries[identity] = nil
    }

    /// The live store for a board, if any window has it open — **without** taking a reference.
    ///
    /// This is the "is this board already open?" question: focusing an existing window rather than
    /// opening a second one, routing a cross-board drag into a board that happens to be on screen.
    /// A bump here would be a leak, since nothing is being opened.
    public func liveStore(for rootURL: URL) -> BoardStore? {
        guard let identity = FileIdentity(of: rootURL) else { return nil }
        return entries[identity]?.store
    }
}