import Foundation

// MARK: - ExpectedField

/// One field a step's write left holding a known value — the unit 13-native-undo.md ▸ Rules'
/// **field-level** predicate compares.
///
/// "Each step registers both sides of its write anyway (the before-value is the inverse; the
/// after-value is what its write set), so validation compares the targeted field's current value
/// against the expected after-value" (settled, ruled 2026-07-27). These cases are therefore exactly
/// the fields the app's own inverses write and no others: a step declares what *it* set, never what
/// it merely read, so a foreign edit to a field this gesture never touched cannot skip anything.
///
/// **`nil` means the key is absent**, which is a real after-value throughout this app rather than a
/// missing one: an emptied rename removes `title`, a width of one unit removes `width`, and the None
/// well removes `background` (the remove-at-default family). A **malformed** value on disk matches
/// neither an absence nor a value — it is not something this app writes, so finding one is finding
/// somebody else's edit.
public enum ExpectedField: Sendable, Equatable {

    /// `title` — renames at every level.
    case title(String?)

    /// `order` — every reorder, every move's landing rank, and the rank half of a drag-restore.
    case order(Double)

    /// `width` — the lane resize. `nil` is the one-unit default, whose key the write removes.
    case width(Int?)

    /// `background` — the styling gesture's colour dimension.
    case background(String?)

    /// `icon` — the styling gesture's symbol dimension.
    case icon(String?)

    /// The body span, **byte for byte** — the Edit session's step, and the one inverse in the app
    /// whose fidelity is not field-level (13: "body steps compare bytes").
    case body(String)

    /// Which field this is, ignoring the value it carries — the key a fold merges on
    /// (`CardWindowUndo`): two writes to `background` inside one card-window session are one field
    /// with a first and a last value, while a write to `background` and one to `icon` are two.
    var kind: Kind {
        switch self {
        case .title: .title
        case .order: .order
        case .width: .width
        case .background: .background
        case .icon: .icon
        case .body: .body
        }
    }

    /// The field names, as a comparable value — deliberately not the `String` keys, which are
    /// `FrontmatterKeys`' business and would tie a fold to the file format.
    enum Kind: Hashable, Sendable {
        case title
        case order
        case width
        case background
        case icon
        case body
    }
}

// MARK: - HistoryExpectation

/// What one folder must currently hold for a step to be safe to cross — the state that step's write
/// left it in.
///
/// Two halves, both of them 13's: **existence** ("target folder gone ... → the step is skipped"),
/// and the **field-level** comparison above. A step carries one of these per item it touched, so a
/// multi-card move validates three targets and a single rename validates one — which is the whole of
/// "a foreign change to an unrelated item must not skip anything": an item no step named is an item
/// no expectation mentions.
///
/// ### The container side rides in the folder path
///
/// **The folder's *path* is the parent check**, and since the trash was materialized that check is
/// also the container check (03-board-ui.md § Trash, resettled 2026-07-28). A delete step's undo
/// expects its card at `<root>/.trash/<id>`; a foreign restore moves the folder out, so nothing is
/// at that path and the existence half already answers "the card is not in the trash any more".
/// The mirror holds: the redo expects it back at `<root>/<lane>/<id>`, where a foreign re-delete
/// leaves nothing. That is why `Presence` is a two-case answer rather than the tombstone era's
/// three-way live/tombstoned/absent reading of a `deleted:` key — there is no key to read, and no
/// ancestor to walk to find one.
public struct HistoryExpectation: Sendable, Equatable {

    /// Where the item this step wrote to should be — the destination for a move, the item's own
    /// folder for everything else, and the board root for the board's own rename and styling.
    public let folder: URL

    /// Whether the item should be there.
    public let presence: Presence

    /// The fields the step's write set, with the values it set them to. Empty for a step whose
    /// whole subject *is* existence — a create, a lane delete.
    public let fields: [ExpectedField]

    /// Whether anything is at this path.
    public enum Presence: Sendable, Equatable {
        /// There, with a readable `index.md`. Which container that is, is the path's own answer.
        case present

        /// Not there at all: the folder is gone. What an undone create and an undone lane delete
        /// leave, and what a redone one expects to find before putting it back.
        case absent
    }

    public init(folder: URL, presence: Presence, fields: [ExpectedField]) {
        self.folder = folder
        self.presence = presence
        self.fields = fields
    }

    /// The item is at this path and its fields say what the step set them to.
    public static func present(_ folder: URL, _ fields: ExpectedField...) -> HistoryExpectation {
        HistoryExpectation(folder: folder, presence: .present, fields: fields)
    }

    /// The same, for a caller whose field list is computed — the styling gesture's, which varies per
    /// dimension. A label rather than a second variadic, so `.present(folder)` stays unambiguous.
    public static func present(_ folder: URL, fields: [ExpectedField]) -> HistoryExpectation {
        HistoryExpectation(folder: folder, presence: .present, fields: fields)
    }

    /// Nothing is at this path.
    public static func absent(_ folder: URL) -> HistoryExpectation {
        HistoryExpectation(folder: folder, presence: .absent, fields: [])
    }
}

// MARK: - HistoryStaleness

/// The staleness predicate: does the board still look the way this step's write left it?
/// (13-native-undo.md ▸ Rules ▸ staleness validation.)
///
/// ### It reads disk, not the snapshot
///
/// 13 says "re-checks its target against the current snapshot at ⌘Z time", and *current* is the
/// load-bearing word: the store's `snapshot` is by construction one reload behind every write the
/// app makes (the one-way flow means a write is only visible once the watcher round-trips it), so
/// validating against it would make a second ⌘Z pressed inside the debounce window compare against a
/// board that still shows the first one's *pre*-state — every rapid undo run would false-skip. Disk
/// is what "current" can honestly mean at the instant a step is crossed, and it is also what an
/// inverse is about to write to.
///
/// ### Lazily, never eagerly
///
/// Nothing here is called by the watcher, the ledger, or any background sweep: "invalidation is lazy
/// (settled — ruled 2026-07-27): staleness is discovered at ⌘Z time, never by background pruning ...
/// The stack always looks full". This type has exactly one caller, `BoardStore.cross`, one line
/// before the inverse would have been written.
///
/// ### It needs no board root
///
/// The tombstone era's liveness half walked a folder's ancestors looking for a `deleted:` key, and
/// needed the root to know where to stop. Materializing the trash removed the walk: an item's
/// container is its path, and a path is checked by asking the filesystem whether anything is there.
public enum HistoryStaleness {

    /// Whether every target a step named still holds what that step left there.
    public static func isCurrent(_ expectations: [HistoryExpectation]) -> Bool {
        expectations.allSatisfy(isCurrent)
    }

    /// One target's answer.
    ///
    /// A file that cannot be read or parsed fails a `.present` expectation: an `index.md` somebody
    /// has just broken is not one holding this step's after-value, and the honest reading of "the
    /// field no longer holds it" covers a field that can no longer be read at all.
    public static func isCurrent(_ expectation: HistoryExpectation) -> Bool {
        guard expectation.presence != .absent else {
            return !FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: expectation.folder.path)
        }
        guard let document = index(at: expectation.folder) else { return false }
        return expectation.fields.allSatisfy { matches($0, in: document) }
    }

    // MARK: Fields

    static func matches(_ field: ExpectedField, in document: FrontmatterDocument) -> Bool {
        switch field {
        case let .title(expected): equal(document.title, expected)
        case let .order(expected): document.order.value == expected
        case let .width(expected): equal(document.width, expected)
        case let .background(expected): equal(document.background, expected)
        case let .icon(expected): equal(document.icon, expected)
        case let .body(expected): document.body == expected
        }
    }

    /// A present value matches a present expectation by value; an absence matches an absence.
    ///
    /// **A malformed field matches nothing**, deliberately: `FieldValue.malformed` is a shape this
    /// app never writes (`background: [a, b]` is somebody's hand edit), so a step that expected its
    /// own removed key must not read one as "gone" and clobber it.
    private static func equal<Value: Sendable & Equatable>(_ actual: FieldValue<Value>, _ expected: Value?) -> Bool {
        switch (actual, expected) {
        case (.missing, nil): true
        case let (.valid(value), .some(expected)): value == expected
        default: false
        }
    }

    // MARK: Reading

    /// The item's `index.md` as the app reads it, or `nil` when there is no readable, parseable one
    /// there — a folder that is gone, an indexless folder, bytes that are not UTF-8, frontmatter
    /// somebody has just broken.
    private static func index(at folder: URL) -> FrontmatterDocument? {
        let indexURL = folder.appendingPathComponent(BoardLoader.indexFileName)
        guard let data = try? Data(contentsOf: indexURL),
              let text = String(validating: data, as: UTF8.self),
              let document = try? FrontmatterDocument.parse(text)
        else { return nil }
        return document
    }
}