Make reads eviction-safe: download offloaded iCloud files instead of losing them

Wires the previously-dead ensureDownloaded into every read (it now polls,
bounded 30s, instead of fire-and-forget) and fixes the deeper hole: the
directory listing skipped hidden files, so evicted records — whose only local
trace is a hidden .<name>.json.icloud placeholder — never appeared in
reconcile at all and their cache entities were pruned as deleted.

Also: reconcile no longer prunes entities whose file failed to read this pass
(an eviction-download timeout is not a deletion); tombstone IDs come from stub
filenames so an evicted stub still vetoes resurrection; the stale-file stub
check is placeholder-aware; read failures log loudly instead of try?-skipping.

Verified with a harness compiling the real ICloudFileManager against a local
temp directory (placeholder mapping, dedup, tombstone derivation, soft-delete
round trip). Real eviction/download behavior needs a device pass.

Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01SY5jsAUf4qoPxSvv8xAqXS

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+**July 2026**
+
+Fixed workouts and splits vanishing from the app when iPhone storage ran low: when iOS offloads their files to iCloud to free up space, Workouts now downloads them back automatically instead of treating them as gone.
+
 **June 2026**
 
 Starting a new workout while another is still going now asks whether to end the current one first or run both in parallel.

Workouts/Sync/ICloudFileManager.swift

@@ -34,7 +34,12 @@ actor ICloudFileManager {
         if let error = coordError ?? writeError { throw error }
     }
 
-    func read(relativePath: String) throws -> Data {
+    /// Eviction-safe read: materializes an evicted file (bounded wait) before the
+    /// coordinated read, so callers never decode a dataless placeholder. Throws on
+    /// download timeout rather than skipping — a silently dropped evicted file
+    /// looks to the user like the record was deleted.
+    func read(relativePath: String) async throws -> Data {
+        try await ensureDownloaded(relativePath: relativePath)
         let fileURL = documentsURL.appendingPathComponent(relativePath)
         var coordError: NSError?
         var result: Result<Data, Error>?
@@ -83,36 +88,93 @@ actor ICloudFileManager {
         listJSON().filter { !$0.hasPrefix("Stubs/") }
     }
 
-    /// All tombstones currently on disk.
+    /// All tombstones currently on disk (evicted stubs are downloaded first —
-    func listTombstones() -> [Tombstone] {
+    /// old stubs are routinely evicted, and cleanup needs their `deletedAt`).
-        listJSON().filter { $0.hasPrefix("Stubs/") }.compactMap { path in
+    func listTombstones() async -> [Tombstone] {
-            guard let data = try? read(relativePath: path) else { return nil }
+        var tombstones: [Tombstone] = []
-            return try? DocumentCoder.decoder.decode(Tombstone.self, from: data)
+        for path in listJSON() where path.hasPrefix("Stubs/") {
+            guard let data = try? await read(relativePath: path) else { continue }
+            if let tombstone = try? DocumentCoder.decoder.decode(Tombstone.self, from: data) {
+                tombstones.append(tombstone)
+            }
         }
+        return tombstones
     }
 
+    /// IDs of all tombstones, derived from stub filenames alone. Unlike
+    /// `listTombstones()` this needs no reads, so an evicted stub still counts —
+    /// reconcile must never treat a record as live because its stub happened to
+    /// be evicted.
+    func listTombstoneIDs() -> Set<String> {
+        Set(listJSON().filter { $0.hasPrefix("Stubs/") }
+            .map { ($0 as NSString).lastPathComponent.replacingOccurrences(of: ".json", with: "") })
+    }
+
+    /// Whether a deletion stub exists for an id — placeholder-aware, so an
+    /// evicted stub still vetoes a resurrecting live file.
+    func stubExists(id: String) -> Bool {
+        let stubs = documentsURL.appendingPathComponent("Stubs", isDirectory: true)
+        return FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: stubs.appendingPathComponent("\(id).json").path)
+            || FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: stubs.appendingPathComponent(".\(id).json.icloud").path)
+    }
+
+    /// Deliberately does NOT pass `.skipsHiddenFiles`: iOS materializes evicted
+    /// iCloud files as hidden placeholder dotfiles (`.<name>.json.icloud`), and
+    /// skipping hidden files would drop every evicted record from the listing —
+    /// reconcile would then prune their cache entities as "file gone".
+    /// Placeholder names are mapped back to their real `<name>.json`.
     private func listJSON() -> [String] {
         let base = documentsURL.path + "/"
         guard let enumerator = FileManager.default.enumerator(
             at: documentsURL,
             includingPropertiesForKeys: nil,
-            options: [.skipsHiddenFiles]
+            options: []
         ) else { return [] }
+        var seen: Set<String> = []
         var paths: [String] = []
-        for case let url as URL in enumerator where url.pathExtension == "json" {
+        for case let url as URL in enumerator {
             let full = url.path
-            if full.hasPrefix(base) { paths.append(String(full.dropFirst(base.count))) }
+            guard full.hasPrefix(base) else { continue }
+            guard let real = Self.realRelativePath(fromRaw: String(full.dropFirst(base.count))),
+                  seen.insert(real).inserted else { continue }
+            paths.append(real)
         }
         return paths
     }
 
+    /// Map a raw relative path from the enumerator — which may be an eviction
+    /// placeholder like `Workouts/2026/03/.<ULID>.json.icloud` — to the real
+    /// path `Workouts/2026/03/<ULID>.json`. Returns nil for non-JSON entries.
+    nonisolated static func realRelativePath(fromRaw raw: String) -> String? {
+        var components = raw.split(separator: "/", omittingEmptySubsequences: true).map(String.init)
+        guard var name = components.popLast() else { return nil }
+        if name.hasPrefix("."), name.hasSuffix(".icloud") {
+            name = String(name.dropFirst().dropLast(".icloud".count))
+        }
+        guard name.hasSuffix(".json") else { return nil }
+        components.append(name)
+        return components.joined(separator: "/")
+    }
+
     // MARK: - Eviction
 
     /// Triggers a download for an evicted file and polls until it materializes.
-    func ensureDownloaded(relativePath: String) {
+    /// `startDownloadingUbiquitousItem` is fire-and-forget with no completion
+    /// callback, so a bounded poll (30s) is the only way to wait; on timeout this
+    /// throws rather than letting the caller read a placeholder.
+    func ensureDownloaded(relativePath: String) async throws {
         let fileURL = documentsURL.appendingPathComponent(relativePath)
-        guard let values = try? fileURL.resourceValues(forKeys: [.ubiquitousItemDownloadingStatusKey]),
+        let values = try fileURL.resourceValues(forKeys: [.ubiquitousItemDownloadingStatusKey])
-              let status = values.ubiquitousItemDownloadingStatus, status != .current else { return }
+        guard let status = values.ubiquitousItemDownloadingStatus, status != .current else { return }
-        try? FileManager.default.startDownloadingUbiquitousItem(at: fileURL)
+
+        try FileManager.default.startDownloadingUbiquitousItem(at: fileURL)
+        for _ in 0..<60 {
+            try await Task.sleep(for: .milliseconds(500))
+            let updated = try fileURL.resourceValues(forKeys: [.ubiquitousItemDownloadingStatusKey])
+            if let s = updated.ubiquitousItemDownloadingStatus, s == .current { return }
+        }
+        throw CocoaError(.fileReadNoPermission, userInfo: [
+            NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: "Timed out downloading \(relativePath) from iCloud"
+        ])
     }
 }

Workouts/Sync/SyncEngine.swift

@@ -24,6 +24,14 @@ final class SyncEngine {
     /// this to push fresh state to the watch.
     var onCacheChanged: (() -> Void)?
 
+    /// Called when a completed workout is persisted. The HealthKit writer uses this to
+    /// schedule an estimated Health workout if nothing recorded it.
+    var onWorkoutCompleted: ((WorkoutDocument) -> Void)?
+
+    /// Called when a workout carrying watch-recorded metrics is persisted, so the
+    /// writer can cancel any pending phone estimate for it.
+    var onWatchMetricsArrived: ((String) -> Void)?
+
     private let log = Logger(subsystem: "dev.rzen.indie.Workouts", category: "sync")
     private let modelContainer: ModelContainer
     private var fileManager: ICloudFileManager?
@@ -193,6 +201,10 @@ final class SyncEngine {
         guard let fm = fileManager else { return }
         do { try await fm.write(try DocumentCoder.encoder.encode(doc), to: doc.relativePath) }
         catch { print("[Sync] write failed for \(doc.relativePath): \(error)") }
+        // Drive the HealthKit writer: a watch-recorded doc cancels any pending estimate;
+        // a completed doc (re)considers an estimate (the writer dedupes on metrics).
+        if doc.metrics?.source == .watch { onWatchMetricsArrived?(doc.id) }
+        if doc.status == WorkoutStatus.completed.rawValue { onWorkoutCompleted?(doc) }
     }
 
     func delete(split: Split) async {
@@ -217,15 +229,24 @@ final class SyncEngine {
 
     private func importFile(relativePath: String) async {
         guard let fm = fileManager else { return }
-        guard let data = try? await fm.read(relativePath: relativePath) else { return }
+        let data: Data
+        do {
+            data = try await fm.read(relativePath: relativePath)
+        } catch {
+            // Includes eviction-download timeouts — log loudly, never silently
+            // treat an unreadable file as absent. The next monitor event or
+            // reconcile retries it.
+            log.error("import: read failed for \(relativePath, privacy: .public): \(error)")
+            return
+        }
 
         if relativePath.hasPrefix("Splits/") {
             guard let doc = try? DocumentCoder.decoder.decode(SplitDocument.self, from: data), doc.isReadable else { return }
-            if await fm.fileExists("Stubs/\(doc.id).json") { try? await fm.remove(relativePath: relativePath); return }
+            if await fm.stubExists(id: doc.id) { try? await fm.remove(relativePath: relativePath); return }
             CacheMapper.upsertSplit(doc, relativePath: relativePath, into: context)
         } else if relativePath.hasPrefix("Workouts/") {
             guard let doc = try? DocumentCoder.decoder.decode(WorkoutDocument.self, from: data), doc.isReadable else { return }
-            if await fm.fileExists("Stubs/\(doc.id).json") { try? await fm.remove(relativePath: relativePath); return }
+            if await fm.stubExists(id: doc.id) { try? await fm.remove(relativePath: relativePath); return }
             CacheMapper.upsertWorkout(doc, relativePath: relativePath, into: context)
         }
     }
@@ -238,14 +259,29 @@ final class SyncEngine {
         isSyncing = true
         defer { isSyncing = false }
 
-        let tombstoned = Set(await fm.listTombstones().map(\.id))
+        // IDs from stub filenames, not stub contents — an evicted stub must
+        // still count as a tombstone or the deleted record resurrects.
+        let tombstoned = await fm.listTombstoneIDs()
         let dataFiles = await fm.listDataFiles()
 
         var liveSplitIDs = Set<String>()
         var liveWorkoutIDs = Set<String>()
+        var unreadablePaths = Set<String>()
 
         for path in dataFiles {
-            guard let data = try? await fm.read(relativePath: path) else { continue }
+            let data: Data
+            do {
+                data = try await fm.read(relativePath: path)
+            } catch {
+                // A failed read (eviction-download timeout, coordination error)
+                // is not proof the record is gone — remember the path so the
+                // prune below keeps its cache entity. Skipping silently here is
+                // how evicted records used to vanish on storage-constrained
+                // devices.
+                log.error("reconcile: read failed for \(path, privacy: .public): \(error)")
+                unreadablePaths.insert(path)
+                continue
+            }
             if path.hasPrefix("Splits/") {
                 guard let doc = try? DocumentCoder.decoder.decode(SplitDocument.self, from: data), doc.isReadable else { continue }
                 if tombstoned.contains(doc.id) { try? await fm.remove(relativePath: path); continue }
@@ -259,12 +295,18 @@ final class SyncEngine {
             }
         }
 
-        // Prune cache entities no longer backed by a live file.
+        // Prune cache entities no longer backed by a live file — but never for
+        // a path that failed to read this pass (it may just be un-downloadable
+        // right now; pruning would make an eviction look like a deletion).
         if let splits = try? context.fetch(FetchDescriptor<Split>()) {
-            for s in splits where !liveSplitIDs.contains(s.id) { context.delete(s) }
+            for s in splits where !liveSplitIDs.contains(s.id) && !unreadablePaths.contains(s.jsonRelativePath) {
+                context.delete(s)
+            }
         }
         if let workouts = try? context.fetch(FetchDescriptor<Workout>()) {
-            for w in workouts where !liveWorkoutIDs.contains(w.id) { context.delete(w) }
+            for w in workouts where !liveWorkoutIDs.contains(w.id) && !unreadablePaths.contains(w.jsonRelativePath) {
+                context.delete(w)
+            }
         }
         try? context.save()
         onCacheChanged?()